学习路径Learning path · 第 4 阶段Stage 4
音频素材的来源与授权Audio sources and their licences
Audio sources and their licences
一句话授权类型：CC0、CC-BY、NC（禁商用）长得都很像，后果完全不同。
— CC0, CC-BY and NC (no commercial use) look alike and mean very different things.
三种授权，先学会认
| 标记 | 能商用吗 | 要署名吗 | 典型来源 |
|---|---|---|---|
| CC0（公有领域） | ✅ | 不需要 | Kenney 全部素材、Freesound 部分条目 |
| CC-BY 4.0 | ✅ | ⚠ 必须署名 | OpenGameArt 大量条目 |
| ⚠ 含 NC 条款（NonCommercial） | ❌ 不能商用 | 不适用 | Freesound 大量条目 |
⚠ 最容易犯的错：在素材站看到「免费」就用。
Freesound 的官方 FAQ 明确写着：条目各有不同许可，含 NonCommercial 条款的不能商用（出处见下表）。
Three licences — learn to tell them apart
| Mark | Commercial OK | Attribution | Typical source |
|---|---|---|---|
| CC0 (public domain) | Yes | Not required | All of Kenney's assets, some Freesound entries |
| CC-BY 4.0 | Yes | ⚠ Attribution required | Many OpenGameArt entries |
| ⚠ NC clause (NonCommercial) | ❌ Not commercial | — | Many Freesound entries |
⚠ The classic mistake: seeing "free" on an asset site and using it, missing the small NC mark next to it.
Freesound's own FAQ states plainly that entries carry different licences and those with a NonCommercial clause cannot be used commercially (source in the table below).
可核验的来源清单
下表每一行都在 2026-10-29 经本站当日访问核对（快照口径，条款可能变更）：
| 来源 | 授权状况（当日核对） | 出处 |
|---|---|---|
| Kenney（kenney.nl） | 素材页明确标 CC0 | 素材页许可标注，2026-10-29 |
| Freesound（freesound.org） | 条目许可不一：Attribution / / CC0 并存 | 官方 FAQ，2026-10-29 |
| OpenGameArt（opengameart.org） | 站内接受 CC0 / OGA-BY / CC-BY 等许可 | 首页许可声明，2026-10-29 |
| CC0 本身 | 放弃全部权利，无需署名 | creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 |
| CC-BY 4.0 本身 | 可商用，必须按规范署名 | creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
⚠ 本站不做实测，张表核对的是「来源自己怎么说」，不是「用了绝对安全」。
A verifiable source list
Every row below was checked by this site on 2026-10-29 (snapshot — terms can change):
| Source | Licence state (checked that day) | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Kenney (kenney.nl) | Asset pages explicitly marked CC0 | licence label on asset pages, 2026-10-29 |
| Freesound (freesound.org) | Mixed per entry: Attribution / / CC0 | official FAQ, 2026-10-29 |
| OpenGameArt (opengameart.org) | Site accepts CC0 / OGA-BY / CC-BY and similar | licence statement on the homepage, 2026-10-29 |
| CC0 itself | All rights waived, no attribution | creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 |
| CC-BY 4.0 itself | Commercial OK, attribution required as specified | creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
⚠ This site runs no measurements: the table checks what each source says about itself, not "using it is definitely safe".
署名不是可选项
用了 CC-BY 素材，署名要真的进游戏：
- 网页游戏：credits 页或 itch.io 页面描述里写明素材名、作者、许可链接
- 商店发布：设置页或片尾滚动里放同样内容
⚠ 只写在开发文档里不算：玩家看不到就等于没署（这是 CC-BY 的常见违约方式）。
Attribution is not optional
If you use CC-BY material, the credit has to actually ship in the game:
- Web games: name the asset, author and licence link on a credits page or the itch.io page description
- Store releases: the same content in a settings screen or end credits
⚠ Writing it only in dev docs does not count — if players cannot see it, it is a breach (the most common CC-BY violation).
生成音乐：先读条款再进台账
生成式音乐工具（Suno、Udio 一类）的商用权，
而且条款会变：见 AI 生成内容的版权归属。
⚠ 台账里生成音乐一律先写「⚠ 待确认商用条款」，发布前必须清零（见 AI 资产台账）。
Generated music: read the terms before the ledger
Commercial rights for generative music tools (Suno, Udio and the like) depend on your subscription tier and terms at the time, and terms change — see Copyright of AI-generated work.
⚠ In the ledger, generated music always starts as "⚠ commercial terms unconfirmed", and that row must be cleared before shipping (see the AI asset ledger).
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